What is the convergence theory in geology?

Convergence theory in geology refers to the interaction between tectonic plates that are moving toward each other. When two plates converge or collide, several geological phenomena can occur. This interaction can lead to the formation of mountain ranges, deep ocean trenches, and volcanic activity due to the subduction of one plate beneath another. In this scenario, the denser oceanic plate may sink under the lighter continental plate, creating intense pressure and heat that can cause geological transformations and lead to events such as earthquakes.

Understanding the concept of convergence is essential in geology, as it explains many large-scale features and processes of the Earth's surface. For instance, the Himalayas were formed as a result of the collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate. Therefore, this description captures the significant processes involved in the movement and interaction of tectonic plates in a convergent boundary context.